Going Public Book Club – Chapter 2: The World As It Is

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Going Public in Jersey City · 13-Week Book Club
Brigid D’Souza and Dr. Jyl Josephson

“How do you think new and better schools will be built? Because they are desperately needed? Because it’s a good idea? Because the honchos at the Board of Education wake up in the morning and decide to do the right thing? Because the city is appalled by the chronic overcrowding? No, new and better schools will be built when you have the power to force them to build them.” 

- Mike Gecan, Going Public: An Organizer's Guide to to Citizen Action (page 37)

This week's book club reflection is based on our shared perspective, as members of Jersey City Together's Education Team, about "the world as it should be" versus "the world as it is" through the lens of a multi-year effort to replace all the broken water fountains in Jersey City Public Schools.

The World As It Should Be...vs the World As It Is

In chapter 2, Gecan lays out the argument for why organizing is necessary, highlighted by the distinction between “The world as it is”--the chapter title–and the world as it should be.  These two competing views of the world are so important - and so counterintuitive to reasonable people who are new to organizing.

Describing a leader training, Gecan offers the arguments that most people make once they start thinking about the kinds of changes that might make their families’ lives better. These are arguments from the world as it should be: “Teachers should teach, they say. Politicians should represent their communities…”

He argues, however, that this initial vantage point - "the world how it should be" - is not real. That we must instead view "the world how it is." And then he writes, on page 35:

"...you can't get what should be, not even close, unless you build and use power, unless you manipulate that power so that you can slog through the mud of the world as it is, unless you are willing to push and tug the teachers and mayors and pols and cops and yourself and your own institutions in the direction of what ought to be." (page 35-36, bold added for emphasis)

The World as It Should Be vs The World as It Is
Teachers should be able to teach. vs [There is a reality experienced by parents, teachers, students that may differ...]
Politicians should represent their communities as promised on the campaign trail. vs [There is a reality experienced by residents, taxpayers that may differ...]

And in Jersey City, one thing that we heard from parents, children, and school staff when we started asking how to make our schools better was about access to drinking water during the school day. We heard stories of kids leaving school dehydrated, with headaches and nausea, for lack of water inside the school buildings.

This seems like a no-brainer: water is a basic human right, and everyone needs access to clean drinking water. In the world as it should be, when the school district first tested its drinking fountains in 2006 - after pressure from organized parents - and found that some had unacceptable levels of lead, they should have immediately replaced those drinking fountains.

Well, the district had turned those fountains off. In some schools, they removed the water fountains from the walls, leaving holes where the fountains had been. In other schools, they put yellow police tape over the water fountains. But they did not replace the fountains. Instead, throughout the district, schools began to have free standing water chillers, supplied by five gallon jugs. For years, the district and the local water utility did not install new water infrastructure and new water fountains in the buildings. And as we began listening, we heard stories of children toting their own water to school, of school staff frustrated with the extra duty of handing out cups for those free-standing water dispensers, of water shortages at some schools on hot days, and of children coming home with headaches due to not drinking enough water. "No working fountains" had become the norm. It had become accepted, part of the landscape. A thing that "could never change."

Here are a few photos our team shared at the time:

The World as It Should Be vs The World as It Is
Kids in public school K through 12 should have safe water from fountains in the school. vs Fountains were turned off, ripped out of the wall, or covered with heavy duty black plastic or draped with 'caution' tape.

As we dug in, we found a lot of finger pointing. The City said it was the school district’s responsibility. The Jersey City Municipal Utilities Authority said the same thing. And the Jersey City Public Schools said it was the JCMUA, and at any rate, they did not have the money to remediate the water fountains.

The World as It Should Be vs The World as It Is
Local elected officials, when faced with a challenge like kids without safe drinking water, jump to problem-solving for kids. vs Governing is about managing limited constraints with elected - people who are constantly focused on public opinion and what others think about them - incentivized not to lead boldly, but to manage constraints within parameters of risk.

 

Flyer courtesy of Jersey City Together. Click on image to view source page.

And so, we organized. We found that the state had allocated some funds for water remediation, and we urged JCPS and JCMUA to apply. But it was not enough money, and we wanted every child in every school in Jersey City to have access to clean drinking water. So we pressured the JCMUA and the City, and they came up with funds for the first two phases of water remediation. We held actions, we went to meetings, and we made sure that all of the affected parties were communicating with each other. (You can see more details and the history of the water project on the Jersey City Together web page here.)

We spoke with the Mayor and asked for  his commitment and asked how much the project would cost, and which schools would be included.  The estimated “city contribution” climbed from $12M to $14M, but not a dime came from the city budget. Most of it came from JCMUA funds.  

The World as It Should Be vs The World as It Is
The mayor wants to prioritize kids in public schools having safe drinking water. vs The mayor requires public pressure because getting safe drinking water into school is the opposite of a school photo op i.e. it takes a lot of work.
Hudson County View, July 2021

All of these commitments were the result of our organizing.  We showed up.  We attended the JCMUA Board of Commissioners Meetings, and reinforced the imperative that safe drinking water be provided to every child at every public school.  We used the language of humanitarian action and clean water as a child’s human right.  The JCMUA Executive Director was personally on-board, and even used his prerogative to answer us through his Executive Director’s report. 

We know that our organizing work was crucial to completing the water remediation project.. The reimbursement grant from the NJ Dept. of Education covered about five percent of the project costs, yet served to propel commitment to the collaboration. The JCBOE Superintendent committed to using District capital funds to remediate the last dozen schools and early childhood learning centers, which were outside the scope of the SOCFBA water grant.

Finally, in March of 2025, the work was done, and after seven years of hard work, we celebrated with the district. And this is an example of where, at long last, the world as it should be meets up with the world as it is. The key ingredient was not another politician.

The key ingredient was persistent, disciplined organizing by community.

The World as It Should Be vs The World as It Is
When public officials are given space to maneuver, they will listen to community and help bring about solutions. vs When public officials are given space to maneuver, they may listen to community and help bring about solutions.

This is not the end of the story. The water  action offers a final lesson that connects to this chapter:

 “Avoid pats on the head” (Page 45)

When we knew the water issue was “won” (when we were assured all schools would have installed fountains), we began planning the final water project celebration. We had more than a year to contemplate a celebration because in part because the JC BOE took longer than expected to finally complete the project.

On page 36 of Going Public, Gecan talks about the intersectionality of power and recognition.  Gecan describes (in very memorable terms) a dinner meeting with Mayor Ed Koch. The mayor uses the opportunity of this dinner to describe the New York IAF organizations in very negative terms (page 40). Gecan makes the point to Koch (and to the reader) that when an organizer and an organization are described in these negative terms, it is not the individual who is being disrespected. Rather, the incident shows disrespect for everyone who is part of the organization, for the public relationships and work of every leader in the organization as well as the organization itself. 

Flyer courtesy of Jersey City Together. Click link to visit source page.

The action to celebrate the water win on March 20, 2025  had some of those same elements. 

And, a note on celebrating the wins. When you organize, and you are disciplined, and it works such that you can celebrate, it is crucial to take credit. Why? Because it's not about a simple photo op. Something deeper is at stake: when you win, you have demonstrated that you have the power needed to compel the justice you wanted to see. It took raw power to get water fountains in every school; power to compel politicians from the City, the MUA, the Board of Education to finally act and do so in an orchestrated fashion. Community organizing was the power dynamic that forced elected and administrations from inertia to action. 

It is important to recognize the efforts and name it in public.

When we first started the planning to celebrate the water win the central administration staff of JCPS said to us “this is your event”--which was how they had treated the previous public actions on school drinking water that we had held. We met with district staff to plan the event. We were excited that the district wanted to have students participate in the event, with speeches and singing.

But then, things shifted.

With two weeks to go ahead of the event, we suddenly stopped hearing back from district officials. In retrospect, we know they intended to take over the event, and take all of the credit. 

The district administration sidelined our speakers. They created their own narrative, grossly overstating their own role in the efforts and minimizing the city’s, MUA’s, and community’s respective roles. Then, they gave us the “pat on the head” that Gecan refers to in Chapter 2: one of our key leaders who continuously pushed the work forward–visiting schools where water remediation was happening, talking to district staff as well as the contractors and plumbers who were actually doing the work–was given a “trophy of appreciation” for being a water advocate. 

Why was this not recognition? Because what the district did was individualize the work from a multi-year, organizational-wide effort, by diminishing it to to be focused on one “activist”, while in the same stroke, taking credit as though it was their idea to remediate the water (as though they had not had to be pressured - by us, the community - every step of the way to complete the work).

Our team was skilled and experienced enough to navigate the action and claim credit as we could.  But it was a great illustration of “pats on the head.”

The World as It Should Be vs The World as It Is
Public officials show respect to the community members - and the institutions they are part of - who contributed to solutions. vs Public officials take credit without recognizing the contributions of community.

The water fountains were replaced because of public relationships, public action, public work, and organized people. And at the root of all of that work was the habit of relating. It was not a simple set of bureaucratic decisions on the part of the district. Rather, it was Jersey City Together exercising power and bringing it to bear on the public officials to make them do their jobs).

The World as It Should Be vs The World as It Is
JCMUA, JCPS, City, just did their jobs after we politely pointed out to them that the schools needed new water infrastructure in 2006. vs JCMUA, JCPS, City were forced to do their jobs after being publicly pressured to do so by JCT through a multi-year effort where pressure was persistently applied.

If “the world as it should be” were the reality then the district would have fixed the water fountains in 2006, when the water fountains were first tested for lead and parents first organized to have the water fountains shut down. 

A final note. This may feel exhausting to contemplate. That so much work is needed to get public officials to do their jobs. But it may help to realize: “the world as it should be” does not really exist. It is an assumption that many reasonable people voice when they first start flexing their democratic muscles.

It may help to orient yourself from “the world as it should be” to the reality - the “the world as it is” - and then decide: do you want to help make change happen?

If so, then keep reading Going Public.  Because change is possible. Just ask the staff, parents, and kids in Jersey City Public Schools who can now safely drink from the water fountains that weren’t there just a few years ago.

We have a few actions you can take this week.
1. If this is your first week with us. check out the prior week's posts in the book club. In Week 1 we shared the importance of storytelling and power analysis. In Week 2, we looked at the importance of relational meetings.
2. Save the dates: July 23 and July 30th (both Thursdays). The Jersey City Together Education Team in conjunction with Parents United for Special Education Reform are holding virtual leader training meetings on July 23 from 6:30 to 8 pm and on July 30 from 6:30 to 8 pm. Once registration links are available, we'll share them with book club participants.
3. Leave comments below if you've read Chapter 2 and have thoughts or reflections. Comments are moderated as is the norm on Civic Parent.

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